陈可洋,杨微,陈树民,赵海波,张金友,王成,周辉,詹仕凡
CHEN Keyang,YANG Wei,CHEN Shumin,ZHAO Haibo,ZHANG Jinyou,WANG Cheng,ZHOU Hui,ZHAN Shifan

• 1:中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院
• 2:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院
• 3:多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室
• 4:中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第六采油厂

摘要(Abstract)：

页岩油是当前油气勘探开发的研究热点，其中天然裂缝的精准预测是提高页岩油资源规模和产能的关键参数。现有高分辨率地震资料受强能量的反射波屏蔽影响，对天然裂缝的预测精度低，无法满足页岩油储层高效开发动用的需求。因此，提出了一种针对页岩油储层天然裂缝精准预测的非均质储层地震精细刻画技术，采用扩散滤波方法将待处理的地震数据当作“热源”进行扩散传播，通过地震数据体的全局迭代处理，从耦合的地震数据中相对保幅地分离出反射波数据体和散射波数据体，并在散射波数据体基础上，通过提取相干体、蚂蚁体等反映储层非均质性的地震属性，精细预测天然裂缝的发育区。结果表明：通过地震数据体迭代可以实现地震反射波和散射波2种波场的相对保幅分离，其中分离出的地震反射波反映了大尺度的地质构造背景趋势的地震响应，散射波反映了小尺度的非均质储层的地震响应；地震反射波和散射波2种数据体的分离程度需要根据地质需求进行优化调整。应用该技术对松辽盆地三肇地区青山口组进行页岩油天然裂缝钻前预测，天然裂缝预测符合率可从原有高分辨率地震资料的25%提高到75%，裂缝性储层地震响应得到精准刻画，并得到电成像测井资料的实钻验证。研究成果对于同类型裂缝性油气藏的高效勘探开发具有重要的技术参考价值。
Shale oil is a hotspot in current studies of oil and gas exploration and developmentt. Among them, accurate prediction of natural fractures is the key parameter for improving the scale and productivity of shale oil resources. Existing high-resolution seismic data is affected by strong energy reflection wave shielding, resulting in low prediction accuracy in predicting natural fractures and failing to meet the requirements of efficient development and production of shale oil reservoirs. Therefore, a seismic fine characterization technique for heterogeneous reservoirs aiming at accurate prediction of natural fractures in shale reservoirs is proposed. By using diffusion filtering method, seismic data to be processed is treated as “heat source” for diffusion propagation and global iterative processing. The reflected wave data volume and scattered wave data volume are separated relatively amplitude preserving from the coupled seismic data volume. Based on the scattered wave data volume, seismic attributes reflecting reservoir heterogeneity such as coherence volume and ant body are extracted to accurately predict the development zone of natural fractures. The results show that, relative amplitude-preserving separation of seismic reflection wave and scattered wave fields can be achieved through seismic data volume iteration, where the separated seismic reflection waves reflect seismic response of large-scale geological structural background trends, and the scattered waves reflect seismic response of small-scale heterogeneous reservoirs. The degree of separation between seismic reflection wave and scattered wave data volumes needs to be optimized and adjusted based on geological requirements. The technique is applied for pre-drilling prediction of natural fractures in shale oil of Qingshankou Formation in Sanzhao area of Songliao Basin, with prediction coincidence rate of natural fracture with that of the original high-resolution seismic data increased from 25% to 75%. The seismic response of fractured reservoirs is accurately characterized and verified by drilling with electrical imaging logging data. The research provides important technical reference value for efficient exploration and development of similar fractured oil and gas reservoirs.

关键词(KeyWords)： 松辽盆地;页岩油;非均质储层;地震响应;天然裂缝;散射波;反射波;波场分离
Songliao Basin;shale oil;heterogeneous reservoir;seismic response;natural fractures;scattered wave;reflection wave;wave field separation

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 黑龙江省百千万工程项目“松辽盆地北部古龙页岩油成藏条件及甜点分布规律研究”（2020ZX05A01）

作者(Author): 陈可洋,杨微,陈树民,赵海波,张金友,王成,周辉,詹仕凡
CHEN Keyang,YANG Wei,CHEN Shumin,ZHAO Haibo,ZHANG Jinyou,WANG Cheng,ZHOU Hui,ZHAN Shifan

DOI: 10.19597/J.ISSN.1000-3754.202411045

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